Israeli History Photo of the Week

Israeli History Photo of the Week: The Valero Family Property in Damascus Gate

By LENNY BEN-DAVID, Jerusalem Post

07/12/2012

JPost special feature: A Library of Congress collection of photographs that document Israel before the creation of the state.

The domes of the Hurva and Tifferet Yisrael
synagogues are on the horizon on the left of the picture. (circa 1900).

Photo: American Colony-Jerusalem-Photo Dept.

The Library of Congress has recently digitalized a collection of over 10,000 photographs, taken by the "American Colony" in Jerusalem, a group of Christian utopians who lived in Jerusalem between 1881 and the 1940s. The photographers returned to the US, and bequeathed their massive collection to the Library of Congress in 1978. The collection includes Winston Churchill's visit to Jerusalem, Jewish expulsions from the Old City during riots, and the building of Tel Aviv.

By some accounts, the Valero family arrived in Jerusalem in the 18th or 19th centuries from Turkey. Researchers have even suggested that the family were once Conversos - secret Jews who were forced to convert to Christianity in Spain. They later traveled to Turkey and returned to their Jewish faith.

Israeli history photo of the week: The Valero Family 1 OF 4

American Colony-Jerusalem-Photo Dept.

Damascus Gate and Valero property

Among the Valeros' land holdings were tracts outside of the Old City on Jaffa Road.

American Colony-Jerusalem-Photo Dept.

View of the shops

Prior to World War I Chaim Aharon built and leased stores at the entrance of Damascus Gate.

American Colony-Jerusalem-Photo Dept.

Construction of the row of Valeros' shops outside Damascus

The domes of the Hurva and Tifferet Yisrael
synagogues are on the horizon on the left of the picture. (circa 1900).

American Colony-Jerusalem-Photo Dept.

Demolition of the Valero shops (1937)

Authorities ruled that the area should be zoned for use as "open spaces" and they demolished the shops in 1937.

In Jerusalem, the family took up residence in the Old City of Jerusalem. According to a monograph by Hebrew University's Prof. Ruth Kark and Joseph Glass, Ya'akov Valero arrived in Jerusalem in 1835 from Istanbul. Originally a ritual slaughterer, Valero opened a private bank - the first in Palestine - in 1848, located inside Jaffa Gate in the Old City. When Ya'akov died in 1874, the banking and real estate enterprise was eventually taken over by his son Chaim Aharon.

Among the Valeros' land holdings were tracts outside of the Old City on Jaffa Road, the area that eventually became the Mahane Yehuda market, the grounds of the Bikur Holim hospital, and several acres around Damascus Gate, a hub of commerce in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

Prior to World War I Chaim Aharon built and leased stores at the entrance of Damascus Gate, seen in the pictures above.

In the 1930s, the British authorities ruled that the area should be zoned for use as "open spaces" and they demolished the shops in 1937. The Valeros were not compensated.

More photos can be viewed at http://www.israeldailypicture.com

http://www.jpost.com/Features/InThespotlight/Article.aspx?id=277254